Access point as WiFi repeater with additional WiFi-dongle












2















There are some tutorials to make an access point a WiFi repeater using only the on-board WiFi chip of a Raspberry Pi. But I want to use an additional USB/WiFi dongle as second interface for the up-link to an internet router, in the hope it would simplify the configuration and avoid the limitations of the single interface solution.



How can I setup an access point as WiFi repeater using an additional USB/WiFi dongle?










share|improve this question



























    2















    There are some tutorials to make an access point a WiFi repeater using only the on-board WiFi chip of a Raspberry Pi. But I want to use an additional USB/WiFi dongle as second interface for the up-link to an internet router, in the hope it would simplify the configuration and avoid the limitations of the single interface solution.



    How can I setup an access point as WiFi repeater using an additional USB/WiFi dongle?










    share|improve this question

























      2












      2








      2








      There are some tutorials to make an access point a WiFi repeater using only the on-board WiFi chip of a Raspberry Pi. But I want to use an additional USB/WiFi dongle as second interface for the up-link to an internet router, in the hope it would simplify the configuration and avoid the limitations of the single interface solution.



      How can I setup an access point as WiFi repeater using an additional USB/WiFi dongle?










      share|improve this question














      There are some tutorials to make an access point a WiFi repeater using only the on-board WiFi chip of a Raspberry Pi. But I want to use an additional USB/WiFi dongle as second interface for the up-link to an internet router, in the hope it would simplify the configuration and avoid the limitations of the single interface solution.



      How can I setup an access point as WiFi repeater using an additional USB/WiFi dongle?







      wifi raspbian-stretch access-point






      share|improve this question













      share|improve this question











      share|improve this question




      share|improve this question










      asked 4 hours ago









      IngoIngo

      7,9192947




      7,9192947






















          1 Answer
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          active

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          2














          It is known that the Raspberry Pi can spawn an access point and connect as client to another wifi network simultaneously with its on board wifi chip. How to do that you can look at Access point as WiFi repeater, optional with bridge.



          But using a second USB/WiFi dongle is simpler and depending on its hardware it may be possible to avoid the limitations of the single interface solution. With systemd-networkd and wpa_supplicant we have everything on the Raspberry Pi to setup what we want. There is no need to install additional software and fiddle with hostapd and dnsmasq. You have to switch to systemd-networkd and then simply set up wpa_supplicant one time for wlan0 as access point and one time for wlan1 as client. Then configure the interfaces and it's done. For reference I use Raspbian Stretch Lite 2018-11-13 updated with sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade && sudo reboot done at 2019-03-07.





          Enable systemd-networkd



          For detailed information look at (1). Here only in short. Execute these commands:



          # install helper
          rpi ~$ sudo -Es
          rpi ~# apt install rng-tools

          # disable classic networking
          rpi ~# systemctl mask networking.service
          rpi ~# systemctl mask dhcpcd.service
          rpi ~# mv /etc/network/interfaces /etc/network/interfaces~
          rpi ~# sed -i '1i resolvconf=NO' /etc/resolvconf.conf

          # enable systemd-networkd
          rpi ~# systemctl enable systemd-networkd.service
          rpi ~# systemctl enable systemd-resolved.service
          rpi ~# ln -sf /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf




          Configure wpa_supplicant for wlan0 as access point



          To configure wpa_supplicant create these files with your settings for country=, ssid=, psk= and maybe frequency= You can just copy and paste this in one block to your command line beginning with cat and including EOF (delimiter EOF will not get part of the file):



          rpi ~# cat > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan0.conf <<EOF
          country=DE
          ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
          update_config=1

          network={
          ssid="RPiNet"
          mode=2
          key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
          psk="verySecretPassword"
          frequency=2412
          }
          EOF

          rpi ~# chmod 600 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan0.conf
          rpi ~# systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlan0.service




          Configure wpa_supplicant for wlan1 as client



          rpi ~# cat > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan1.conf <<EOF
          country=DE
          ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
          update_config=1

          network={
          ssid="wlan@hoeft-online.de"
          psk="anotherSecretPassword"
          }
          EOF

          rpi ~# chmod 600 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan1.conf
          rpi ~# systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlan1.service


          For the connection to the internet router we use network address translation (NAT). To setup it we extend the service for wlan1 with:



          rpi ~# systemctl edit wpa_supplicant@wlan1.service


          In the empty editor insert these statements, save them and quit the editor:



          [Service]
          ExecStartPre=/sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o wlan1 -j MASQUERADE
          ExecStopPost=-/sbin/iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o wlan1 -j MASQUERADE




          Configure interfaces



          Create these two files:



          rpi ~# cat > /etc/systemd/network/08-wlan0.network <<EOF
          [Match]
          Name=wlan0
          [Network]
          Address=192.168.4.1/24
          IPForward=yes
          DHCPServer=yes
          [DHCPServer]
          DNS=84.200.69.80 84.200.70.40
          EOF


          Because we don't have a bridge, we need two different subnets. Be aware that the static ip address for the access point wlan0 belongs to another subnet than that from wlan1.



          rpi ~# cat > /etc/systemd/network/12-wlan1.network <<EOF
          [Match]
          Name=wlan1
          [Network]
          DHCP=yes
          EOF


          Reboot.

          That's it.




          references:

          [1] Howto migrate from networking to systemd-networkd with dynamic failover






          share|improve this answer























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            2














            It is known that the Raspberry Pi can spawn an access point and connect as client to another wifi network simultaneously with its on board wifi chip. How to do that you can look at Access point as WiFi repeater, optional with bridge.



            But using a second USB/WiFi dongle is simpler and depending on its hardware it may be possible to avoid the limitations of the single interface solution. With systemd-networkd and wpa_supplicant we have everything on the Raspberry Pi to setup what we want. There is no need to install additional software and fiddle with hostapd and dnsmasq. You have to switch to systemd-networkd and then simply set up wpa_supplicant one time for wlan0 as access point and one time for wlan1 as client. Then configure the interfaces and it's done. For reference I use Raspbian Stretch Lite 2018-11-13 updated with sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade && sudo reboot done at 2019-03-07.





            Enable systemd-networkd



            For detailed information look at (1). Here only in short. Execute these commands:



            # install helper
            rpi ~$ sudo -Es
            rpi ~# apt install rng-tools

            # disable classic networking
            rpi ~# systemctl mask networking.service
            rpi ~# systemctl mask dhcpcd.service
            rpi ~# mv /etc/network/interfaces /etc/network/interfaces~
            rpi ~# sed -i '1i resolvconf=NO' /etc/resolvconf.conf

            # enable systemd-networkd
            rpi ~# systemctl enable systemd-networkd.service
            rpi ~# systemctl enable systemd-resolved.service
            rpi ~# ln -sf /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf




            Configure wpa_supplicant for wlan0 as access point



            To configure wpa_supplicant create these files with your settings for country=, ssid=, psk= and maybe frequency= You can just copy and paste this in one block to your command line beginning with cat and including EOF (delimiter EOF will not get part of the file):



            rpi ~# cat > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan0.conf <<EOF
            country=DE
            ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
            update_config=1

            network={
            ssid="RPiNet"
            mode=2
            key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
            psk="verySecretPassword"
            frequency=2412
            }
            EOF

            rpi ~# chmod 600 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan0.conf
            rpi ~# systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlan0.service




            Configure wpa_supplicant for wlan1 as client



            rpi ~# cat > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan1.conf <<EOF
            country=DE
            ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
            update_config=1

            network={
            ssid="wlan@hoeft-online.de"
            psk="anotherSecretPassword"
            }
            EOF

            rpi ~# chmod 600 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan1.conf
            rpi ~# systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlan1.service


            For the connection to the internet router we use network address translation (NAT). To setup it we extend the service for wlan1 with:



            rpi ~# systemctl edit wpa_supplicant@wlan1.service


            In the empty editor insert these statements, save them and quit the editor:



            [Service]
            ExecStartPre=/sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o wlan1 -j MASQUERADE
            ExecStopPost=-/sbin/iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o wlan1 -j MASQUERADE




            Configure interfaces



            Create these two files:



            rpi ~# cat > /etc/systemd/network/08-wlan0.network <<EOF
            [Match]
            Name=wlan0
            [Network]
            Address=192.168.4.1/24
            IPForward=yes
            DHCPServer=yes
            [DHCPServer]
            DNS=84.200.69.80 84.200.70.40
            EOF


            Because we don't have a bridge, we need two different subnets. Be aware that the static ip address for the access point wlan0 belongs to another subnet than that from wlan1.



            rpi ~# cat > /etc/systemd/network/12-wlan1.network <<EOF
            [Match]
            Name=wlan1
            [Network]
            DHCP=yes
            EOF


            Reboot.

            That's it.




            references:

            [1] Howto migrate from networking to systemd-networkd with dynamic failover






            share|improve this answer




























              2














              It is known that the Raspberry Pi can spawn an access point and connect as client to another wifi network simultaneously with its on board wifi chip. How to do that you can look at Access point as WiFi repeater, optional with bridge.



              But using a second USB/WiFi dongle is simpler and depending on its hardware it may be possible to avoid the limitations of the single interface solution. With systemd-networkd and wpa_supplicant we have everything on the Raspberry Pi to setup what we want. There is no need to install additional software and fiddle with hostapd and dnsmasq. You have to switch to systemd-networkd and then simply set up wpa_supplicant one time for wlan0 as access point and one time for wlan1 as client. Then configure the interfaces and it's done. For reference I use Raspbian Stretch Lite 2018-11-13 updated with sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade && sudo reboot done at 2019-03-07.





              Enable systemd-networkd



              For detailed information look at (1). Here only in short. Execute these commands:



              # install helper
              rpi ~$ sudo -Es
              rpi ~# apt install rng-tools

              # disable classic networking
              rpi ~# systemctl mask networking.service
              rpi ~# systemctl mask dhcpcd.service
              rpi ~# mv /etc/network/interfaces /etc/network/interfaces~
              rpi ~# sed -i '1i resolvconf=NO' /etc/resolvconf.conf

              # enable systemd-networkd
              rpi ~# systemctl enable systemd-networkd.service
              rpi ~# systemctl enable systemd-resolved.service
              rpi ~# ln -sf /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf




              Configure wpa_supplicant for wlan0 as access point



              To configure wpa_supplicant create these files with your settings for country=, ssid=, psk= and maybe frequency= You can just copy and paste this in one block to your command line beginning with cat and including EOF (delimiter EOF will not get part of the file):



              rpi ~# cat > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan0.conf <<EOF
              country=DE
              ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
              update_config=1

              network={
              ssid="RPiNet"
              mode=2
              key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
              psk="verySecretPassword"
              frequency=2412
              }
              EOF

              rpi ~# chmod 600 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan0.conf
              rpi ~# systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlan0.service




              Configure wpa_supplicant for wlan1 as client



              rpi ~# cat > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan1.conf <<EOF
              country=DE
              ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
              update_config=1

              network={
              ssid="wlan@hoeft-online.de"
              psk="anotherSecretPassword"
              }
              EOF

              rpi ~# chmod 600 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan1.conf
              rpi ~# systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlan1.service


              For the connection to the internet router we use network address translation (NAT). To setup it we extend the service for wlan1 with:



              rpi ~# systemctl edit wpa_supplicant@wlan1.service


              In the empty editor insert these statements, save them and quit the editor:



              [Service]
              ExecStartPre=/sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o wlan1 -j MASQUERADE
              ExecStopPost=-/sbin/iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o wlan1 -j MASQUERADE




              Configure interfaces



              Create these two files:



              rpi ~# cat > /etc/systemd/network/08-wlan0.network <<EOF
              [Match]
              Name=wlan0
              [Network]
              Address=192.168.4.1/24
              IPForward=yes
              DHCPServer=yes
              [DHCPServer]
              DNS=84.200.69.80 84.200.70.40
              EOF


              Because we don't have a bridge, we need two different subnets. Be aware that the static ip address for the access point wlan0 belongs to another subnet than that from wlan1.



              rpi ~# cat > /etc/systemd/network/12-wlan1.network <<EOF
              [Match]
              Name=wlan1
              [Network]
              DHCP=yes
              EOF


              Reboot.

              That's it.




              references:

              [1] Howto migrate from networking to systemd-networkd with dynamic failover






              share|improve this answer


























                2












                2








                2







                It is known that the Raspberry Pi can spawn an access point and connect as client to another wifi network simultaneously with its on board wifi chip. How to do that you can look at Access point as WiFi repeater, optional with bridge.



                But using a second USB/WiFi dongle is simpler and depending on its hardware it may be possible to avoid the limitations of the single interface solution. With systemd-networkd and wpa_supplicant we have everything on the Raspberry Pi to setup what we want. There is no need to install additional software and fiddle with hostapd and dnsmasq. You have to switch to systemd-networkd and then simply set up wpa_supplicant one time for wlan0 as access point and one time for wlan1 as client. Then configure the interfaces and it's done. For reference I use Raspbian Stretch Lite 2018-11-13 updated with sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade && sudo reboot done at 2019-03-07.





                Enable systemd-networkd



                For detailed information look at (1). Here only in short. Execute these commands:



                # install helper
                rpi ~$ sudo -Es
                rpi ~# apt install rng-tools

                # disable classic networking
                rpi ~# systemctl mask networking.service
                rpi ~# systemctl mask dhcpcd.service
                rpi ~# mv /etc/network/interfaces /etc/network/interfaces~
                rpi ~# sed -i '1i resolvconf=NO' /etc/resolvconf.conf

                # enable systemd-networkd
                rpi ~# systemctl enable systemd-networkd.service
                rpi ~# systemctl enable systemd-resolved.service
                rpi ~# ln -sf /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf




                Configure wpa_supplicant for wlan0 as access point



                To configure wpa_supplicant create these files with your settings for country=, ssid=, psk= and maybe frequency= You can just copy and paste this in one block to your command line beginning with cat and including EOF (delimiter EOF will not get part of the file):



                rpi ~# cat > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan0.conf <<EOF
                country=DE
                ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
                update_config=1

                network={
                ssid="RPiNet"
                mode=2
                key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
                psk="verySecretPassword"
                frequency=2412
                }
                EOF

                rpi ~# chmod 600 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan0.conf
                rpi ~# systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlan0.service




                Configure wpa_supplicant for wlan1 as client



                rpi ~# cat > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan1.conf <<EOF
                country=DE
                ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
                update_config=1

                network={
                ssid="wlan@hoeft-online.de"
                psk="anotherSecretPassword"
                }
                EOF

                rpi ~# chmod 600 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan1.conf
                rpi ~# systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlan1.service


                For the connection to the internet router we use network address translation (NAT). To setup it we extend the service for wlan1 with:



                rpi ~# systemctl edit wpa_supplicant@wlan1.service


                In the empty editor insert these statements, save them and quit the editor:



                [Service]
                ExecStartPre=/sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o wlan1 -j MASQUERADE
                ExecStopPost=-/sbin/iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o wlan1 -j MASQUERADE




                Configure interfaces



                Create these two files:



                rpi ~# cat > /etc/systemd/network/08-wlan0.network <<EOF
                [Match]
                Name=wlan0
                [Network]
                Address=192.168.4.1/24
                IPForward=yes
                DHCPServer=yes
                [DHCPServer]
                DNS=84.200.69.80 84.200.70.40
                EOF


                Because we don't have a bridge, we need two different subnets. Be aware that the static ip address for the access point wlan0 belongs to another subnet than that from wlan1.



                rpi ~# cat > /etc/systemd/network/12-wlan1.network <<EOF
                [Match]
                Name=wlan1
                [Network]
                DHCP=yes
                EOF


                Reboot.

                That's it.




                references:

                [1] Howto migrate from networking to systemd-networkd with dynamic failover






                share|improve this answer













                It is known that the Raspberry Pi can spawn an access point and connect as client to another wifi network simultaneously with its on board wifi chip. How to do that you can look at Access point as WiFi repeater, optional with bridge.



                But using a second USB/WiFi dongle is simpler and depending on its hardware it may be possible to avoid the limitations of the single interface solution. With systemd-networkd and wpa_supplicant we have everything on the Raspberry Pi to setup what we want. There is no need to install additional software and fiddle with hostapd and dnsmasq. You have to switch to systemd-networkd and then simply set up wpa_supplicant one time for wlan0 as access point and one time for wlan1 as client. Then configure the interfaces and it's done. For reference I use Raspbian Stretch Lite 2018-11-13 updated with sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade && sudo reboot done at 2019-03-07.





                Enable systemd-networkd



                For detailed information look at (1). Here only in short. Execute these commands:



                # install helper
                rpi ~$ sudo -Es
                rpi ~# apt install rng-tools

                # disable classic networking
                rpi ~# systemctl mask networking.service
                rpi ~# systemctl mask dhcpcd.service
                rpi ~# mv /etc/network/interfaces /etc/network/interfaces~
                rpi ~# sed -i '1i resolvconf=NO' /etc/resolvconf.conf

                # enable systemd-networkd
                rpi ~# systemctl enable systemd-networkd.service
                rpi ~# systemctl enable systemd-resolved.service
                rpi ~# ln -sf /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf




                Configure wpa_supplicant for wlan0 as access point



                To configure wpa_supplicant create these files with your settings for country=, ssid=, psk= and maybe frequency= You can just copy and paste this in one block to your command line beginning with cat and including EOF (delimiter EOF will not get part of the file):



                rpi ~# cat > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan0.conf <<EOF
                country=DE
                ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
                update_config=1

                network={
                ssid="RPiNet"
                mode=2
                key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
                psk="verySecretPassword"
                frequency=2412
                }
                EOF

                rpi ~# chmod 600 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan0.conf
                rpi ~# systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlan0.service




                Configure wpa_supplicant for wlan1 as client



                rpi ~# cat > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan1.conf <<EOF
                country=DE
                ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
                update_config=1

                network={
                ssid="wlan@hoeft-online.de"
                psk="anotherSecretPassword"
                }
                EOF

                rpi ~# chmod 600 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan1.conf
                rpi ~# systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlan1.service


                For the connection to the internet router we use network address translation (NAT). To setup it we extend the service for wlan1 with:



                rpi ~# systemctl edit wpa_supplicant@wlan1.service


                In the empty editor insert these statements, save them and quit the editor:



                [Service]
                ExecStartPre=/sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o wlan1 -j MASQUERADE
                ExecStopPost=-/sbin/iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o wlan1 -j MASQUERADE




                Configure interfaces



                Create these two files:



                rpi ~# cat > /etc/systemd/network/08-wlan0.network <<EOF
                [Match]
                Name=wlan0
                [Network]
                Address=192.168.4.1/24
                IPForward=yes
                DHCPServer=yes
                [DHCPServer]
                DNS=84.200.69.80 84.200.70.40
                EOF


                Because we don't have a bridge, we need two different subnets. Be aware that the static ip address for the access point wlan0 belongs to another subnet than that from wlan1.



                rpi ~# cat > /etc/systemd/network/12-wlan1.network <<EOF
                [Match]
                Name=wlan1
                [Network]
                DHCP=yes
                EOF


                Reboot.

                That's it.




                references:

                [1] Howto migrate from networking to systemd-networkd with dynamic failover







                share|improve this answer












                share|improve this answer



                share|improve this answer










                answered 4 hours ago









                IngoIngo

                7,9192947




                7,9192947






























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